Biography of Paul Revere and His Midnight Ride

Paul Revere (January 1, 1735–May 10, 1818) is perhaps best known for his famous midnight ride, but he was also one of Boston’s most ardent patriots. He organized an intelligence network called Sons of Liberty to help colonists fight against British troops. Fast Facts: Paul Revere Known for: Famous midnight ride alerting the people of Lexington and Concord of an impending British attack; one of the leaders of Sons of Liberty movementOccupation: Silversmith, artisan, and early industrialistBorn:  January 1, 1735 in Boston, MassachusettsDied:  May 10, 1818, Boston, MassachusettsParents’ Names: Apollos Rivoire and Deborah HitchbornSpouses Names: Sarah Orne (m. 1757-1773); Rachel Walker (m. 1773-1813)Children: 16, 11 of whom survived childhood Early Years Paul Revere was the third of twelve children born to Apollos Rivoire, a French Huguenot silversmith, and Deborah Hitchborn, the daughter of a Boston shipping family. Apollos, who emigrated from France as a teen, changed his name to the more English-sounding Revere at some point prior to Pauls birth—a common practice at the time. The young Revere left school in his early teens to become an apprentice in his fathers silversmithing business, which allowed him to interact with a wide variety of different people within Bostons society. When Revere was nineteen, his father died, but he was too young to take over the smithy, so he enlisted in the provincial army. The French and Indian War was ongoing, and Revere soon found himself commissioned to the rank of Second Lieutenant. After a year in the Army, Revere returned home to Boston, took over the family silver shop, and married his first wife, Sarah Orne. By the mid-1760s, the economy was sliding into a recession, and Reveres silver business was struggling. Like many craftsman of the era, Revere needed some supplemental income, so he took up the practice of dentistry. His skill in manufacturing false teeth from ivory was one that would serve him well later. The Brink of Revolution In the late 1760s, Revere formed a close friendship with Dr. Joseph Warren of Boston. The two men were members of the Masons, and they each had an interest in politics. Over the next few years, they became active participants in the Sons of Liberty movement, and Revere used his skill as an artist and craftsman to produce some of Americas earliest political propaganda. He illustrated carvings and engravings, many of which included images of events like the Boston Massacre of 1770, and a parade of British troops through the citys streets. As he became more prosperous, Revere and his family moved to a home in Bostons North End. However, in 1773, Sarah died, leaving Revere with eight children to raise; within a few months he married his second wife, Rachel, who was eleven years his junior. In November of that year, a ship called the Dartmouth docked in Boston Harbor, and history would soon be made. The Dartmouth arrived laden with tea shipped by the East India Company under the newly-passed Tea Act, which essentially was designed to force colonists to buy tea from East India, rather than purchasing smuggled tea at a lower cost. This was extremely unpopular with the people of Boston, so Revere and many of the men of the Sons of Liberty took turns guarding the ship, preventing it from being unloaded. On the night of December 16, Revere was one of the ringleaders when American patriots stormed the Dartmouth and two other East India ships, and dumped the tea into Boston Harbor. Over the next two years, Revere made regular rides as a courier, traveling from Boston to Philadelphia and New York City to carry information on behalf of the Committee of Public Safety. This was a grass-roots committee of patriots who did their best to make governing extremely difficult for British authorities. Around the same time, Revere and other members of the Sons of Liberty, and their associates, began a network of intelligence gathering in Boston. Meeting in a tavern called the Green Dragon, which Daniel Webster called the headquarters of the revolution, Revere and other men, known as Mechanics, disseminated information about the movement of British troops. The Midnight Ride In April 1775, Dr. Joseph Warren was alerted to possible British troop movements near Concord, Massachusetts. Concord was a small town not far from Boston, and was the site of a large cache of patriot military supplies. Warren sent Revere to warn the Massachusetts Provincial Congress so they could move the stores to a safer location. Interim Archives / Getty Images A few days later, British General Thomas Gage was ordered to move on Concord, disarm the patriots, and seize their cache of weapons and supplies. Although Gage was instructed by his superiors to arrest men like Samuel Adams and John Hancock for their roles as rebel leaders, he opted not to include that in his written instructions to his troops, because if word got out, there could be a violent uprising. Instead, Gage chose to focus his written orders on taking possession of the weapons he believed to be housed in Concord. Over the coming days, Revere instructed the sexton at the North Church to use a signal lantern in the steeple if he saw British soldiers approaching. Because the British could either take the road from Boston to Lexington or sail up the Charles River, the sexton was told to light a single lantern for land movement, and two if there was activity on the water. Thus, the phrase one if by land, two if by sea was born. On April 18, Warren told Revere that reports indicated that British troops were secretly moving towards Concord and the neighboring town of Lexington, ostensibly to capture Adams and Hancock. Although the weapons supply had been safely moved, Hancock and Adams were unaware of the impending danger. When the sexton at the North Church placed two lanterns in his steeple, Revere moved into action. He crossed the Charles River in a rowboat in the dead of night, careful to avoid the notice of the British warship HMS Somerset, and landed in Charlestown. From there, he borrowed a horse and rode to Lexington, sneaking past British patrols and alerting every home he passed along the way. Revere traveled through the night, visiting patriot strongholds like Somerville and Arlington, where additional riders picked up the message and traveled their own routes. By the end of the night, it is estimated that some forty riders had gone out to spread the word of the impending British attack. Revere arrived in Lexington around midnight, and warned Adams and Hancock, and then headed towards Concord. On his way, he was stopped by a British patrol and questioned; he told the soldiers that if they approached Lexington they would find themselves face to face with an angry and armed militia. At some point, once they neared Lexington with Revere in tow, the towns church bell began to ring; Revere told them it was a call to arms, and the soldiers left him in the woods to walk the rest of the way to town alone. Once he arrived, he met up with Hancock, and helped him gather up his family so they could escape safely as the battle on Lexington Green began. During the Revolutionary War, Revere was unable to return to Boston, but stayed in Watertown, where he continued his work as a courier for the provincial congress, and printed currency for payment of the local militias. Dr. Warren was killed at the Battle of Bunker Hill, and nine months after his death, Revere was able to identify his remains, exhumed from a mass grave, thanks to a false tooth he had mounted for his friend, making Paul Revere the first forensic dentist. There is no evidence that Revere actually shouted out The British are coming! during his famous ride. Revere was not the only one to complete a ride that night, as Sybil Ludington got on horseback to sound a warning as well. Later Years After the Revolution, Revere expanded his silversmithing business and opened an iron foundry in Boston. His business produced cast iron goods such as nails, weights, and tools. Because he was willing to invest money into expanding his foundry, and embraced new technological ideas in the field of metalworking, he became highly successful. Eventually, his foundry moved into iron and bronze casting, and he was able to mass produce church bells as America moved into a post-war religious revival. With two of his sons, Paul Jr. and Joseph Warren Revere, he founded Paul Revere and Sons, and gradually perfected the production of rolled copper. He remained politically active throughout his entire life, and died in 1818 at his home in Boston. Sources â€Å"Joseph Warren Dies a Martyr in the Battle of Bunker Hill.† New England Historical Society, 16 June 2018, www.newenglandhistoricalsociety.com/death-gen-joseph-warren/.Klein, Christopher. â€Å"The Real-Life Haunts of the Sons of Liberty.† History.com, AE Television Networks, www.history.com/news/the-real-life-haunts-of-the-sons-of-liberty.â€Å"Paul Revere - The Midnight Ride.† Paul Revere House, www.paulreverehouse.org/the-real-story/.Strangeremains. â€Å"Paul Revere: The First American Forensic Dentist.† Strange Remains, 11 Oct. 2017, strangeremains.com/2017/07/04/paul-revere-the-first-american-forensic-dentist/.

The New England And The Chesapeake Colonies Essay

European nations vigorously began to take over the newly discovered Americas throughout most of the 16th century leading into the 17th century. England was very forceful in pushing out multiple groups of people to the eastern coast of what is now known as North America. At that time there were only two prominent regions in North America, they were known then as the New England and the Chesapeake colonies. These two colonies would eventually band together to stand as one nation, but that was toward the end of the 17th century. The beginning tells a completely different story, both colonies had very different beliefs on what the exact reason may have been for the settlers to come to the New World. They lived very different lives because of this. A lot of these differences affected them politically in who they followed, socially in who they spoke with, and economically in who they would do business with. Connecticut, Plymouth, Rhode Island, Massachusetts Bay Colony, and New Haven all made up the region that was New England. It laid just north of the colony of Chesapeake. The New Englanders wanted and longed for religious freedom. They were known as Puritan Separatists, they wanted complete separation from the Church of England. Protestantism was an evolution that thrived in England once the Church separated from Catholicism. These people wanted to turn toward Calvinism, because of this they began to be called â€Å"Separatists†. They were not alone in this, joined with them whereShow MoreRelatedThe New England And Chesapeake Colonies1471 Words   |  6 Pageswas the formation of the thirteen colonies along the North American east coast. These colonies are generally divided into New England, Middle and South or the Chesapeake regions. Most of these colonies were settled by the British, yet they developed differently as the years went by. Some developed into more egalitarian co lonies and some not. The greatest differences could be seen in the New England and Chesapeake regions. Even though the New England and Chesapeake regions were settled originally byRead MoreThe New England And Chesapeake Colonies1290 Words   |  6 Pagesfurther exploration of this new world opened to many countries in Europe including England, Spain, and France. While France conquered present day Canada and Spain dominated both Central and South America, English mostly settled in the east coast of present day United States. During the seventeenth century, a large influx of immigrants came to the New World from England for many different reasons. Due to differences in motive and geography, the New England and Chesapeake colonies developed unique societiesRead MoreThe New England And Chesapeake Colonies1490 Words   |  6 PagesThe people of the New England and Chesapeake colonies, although came from the same people, turned into very different cultures. For example, in New England, Puritanism was favored while in the Chesapeake region Christianity was practiced. Often times, religion would dictate a certain peoples way of life. Although both religions were strict, both had different ideas. Also, there were disagreements that occurred between the people within a colony. Many other ways of life were established in each ofRead MoreThe Chesapeake Colonies and New England Colonies Essay1260 Words   |  6 PagesSpain, Portugal, Holland, and England, all competed for colonization in unknown territories. Samuel de Champlain colonized along the St. Lawrence River in 1608, Henry Hudson of Holland established Albany in 1609, and Spain established colonies in Mexico and Mesoamerica. In 1607, England established its first colony in North America around the Chesapeake Bay, and nearly a decade later established a second colony in present-day New England. Both New England and the Chesapeake were founded by the BritishRead MoreChesapeake Colonies vs. New England Colonies933 Words   |  4 Pagescentury, two colonies emerged from England in the New World. The two colonies were called the Chesapeake and New England colonies. Even though the two areas were formed and governed by the English, the colonies had similarities as well as differences. Differences in geography, religion, politics, economic, and nationalities, were responsible for molding the colonies. These differences came from one major factor: the very reason the English settlers came to the New World. †¨The Chesapeake colonies were primarilyRead MoreChesapeake And New England Colonies Essay1819 Words   |  8 Pagescity to fall into the extremes of poverty and wealth. The New England community was so strong and so supportive in comparison to that of the Chesapeake Bay, that it is no wonder they developed into two distinctly different cultures before the year 1700. The Chesapeake region developed into a land of plantations and money-driven owners, with the elite wealthy, almost no middl e class, and those in poverty creating the population. New England, on the other hand, had developed into a religion and familyRead MoreCompare And Contrast The Chesapeake And New England Colonies1071 Words   |  5 Pagesthe New World, the English also started to establish colonies and settle in the New World. To encourage the colonization of the New World, England offered charters to Joint-Stock Companies and individuals to set up colonies in the New World. Although the Chesapeake and New England settlers both migrated from England, the two regions of the New World developed into distinctly different societies due to different economic reasons, types of people, and political organization. Both of the colonies hadRead MoreEssay Chesapeake Vs. New England Colonies763 Words   |  4 Pagesdiversity being sown in the early days of colonization when the Chesapeake and New England colonies grew into distinctive societies. Even though both regions were primarily English, they had similarities as well as striking differences. The differentiating characteristics among the Chesapeake and New England colonies developed due to geography, religion, and motives for colonial expansion. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Virginia, the Chesapeake Bay area, was not interested in long-term colonization inRead MoreDifferences Between New England And Chesapeake Colonies1276 Words   |  6 Pagesfindings of new created much curiosity in Europe to explore and conquer new lands in order to expand their empire. In the early 1600’s a surge of motivation to explore and settle new colonies came over England. The Result of this was the New England and Chesapeake colonies, who were both settled by immigrants from England. Many people decided they needed to escape England due to religious persecution and poverty. Hundreds of families, men, women, and their children, came in search of a New World whereRead MoreA Comparison of the New England and the Chesapeake Bay Colonies947 Words   |  4 Pagesthe New England and Chesapeake Bay Regions During the 1700s, people in the American colonies lived in very distinctive societies. While some colonists led hard lives, others were healthy and prosperous. The two groups who showed these differences were the colonists of the New England and Chesapeake Bay areas. The differentiating characteristics among the Chesapeake and New England colonies developed due to economy, religion, and motives for colonial expansion. The colonists of the New England

Essay on Of Revenge Francis Bacon’s Optimistic Tale

Of Revenge: Francis Bacon’s Optimistic Tale?nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp; Revenge and vengeance are basic tools of human instinct. Whether society chooses to accept or blind itself to this fact, it is an indisputable truth. Francis Bacon examines this truth in Of Revenge, a view of society and literary characters that reflects the strive for vengeance. However, Of Revenge deeply underestimates the corruption of the human spirit and soul. It completely disregards the presence of the basic human instinct which thrives on the manipulation and destruction of others, for the sake of satisfaction. Though Bacon’s inferences to the book of Job or Solomon are perfectly viable to a character that chooses to†¦show more content†¦She murdered her brother, was willingly ostracized from her homeland, gave Jason two sons, and killed most of Jason’s enemies using her knowledge of black arts. In short, Jason’s inability to remain faithful to a woman who obsessed over him, causes Medea’s search for vengeance. The wrongs committed by Jaso n with respect to Medea mirror Bacon’s belief that revenge makes a man but even with his enemy as well as we are commanded to forgive our enemies; but never read that we are commanded to forgive our friends. In this case, Medea cannot forgive her husband and takes revenge by murdering the king of Corinth and his daughter, Jason’s fianceacute;, as well as murders Jason’s two sons. Though this form of revenge is cold-blooded and sadistic, Bacon would have believed that Medea’s actions were justified due to the wrongs Jason committed against her. It is for this reason that the character of Medea is carefully crafted to fit Bacon’s mold of a person seeking revenge, as well as illustrates the importance of the theme of revenge in the play. Though Bacon’s views are illustrated through Medea, they are grossly disproportional to the character of Iago in Shakespeare’s Othello. Bacon quotes, there is no man doth a wrong for the wrong’s sake. However, Iago is considered one of the most disgusting and vengeful characters in literature that destroys the lives of innocents for his own behalf. In fact,

Essay on Database design process - 906 Words

Abstract Database Systems has a practical, hands-on approach that makes it uniquely suited to providing a strong foundation in good database design practice. Database design is more art than science. While its true that a properly designed database should follow the normal forms and the relational model, you still have to come up with a design that reflects the business you are trying to model. This paper shows describes design process of database project. The importance of Completing the Design Process An important point to keep in mind is that the level of structural integrity and data integrity is in direct proportion to how thoroughly the design process is followed. The less time spent on the design process, the greater the risk of†¦show more content†¦Before starting any application design process, sit down and talk it out. If you cant describe your application ¡Ã‚ ªincluding the objectives, audience, and target market ¡Ã‚ ªthen youre not ready to build it, let alone model the database. Once you can describe the actions and nuances of your application to other people and have it make sense to them, you can start thinking about the tables you want to create. Start with big flat tables because, once you write them down, your newfound normalization skills will take over. You will be able to find your redundancies and visualize your relationships. The next step is to do the normalization. Go from flat table, to first normal form, and so on, up to the third normal form if possible. Use paper, pencils, Post-it Notes, or whatever helps you to visualize the tables and relationships. Theres no shame in data modeling on Post-it Notes until youre ready to create the tables themselves. Plus, theyre a lot cheaper than buying software to do it for you, which range from one hundred to several thousands of dollars! After you have a preliminary data model, look at it from the applications point of view. Or look at it from the point of view of the person using the application youre building. This is the point where you define business rules and see if your data model will break. An example of a business rule for an online registration application is, quot;Each user mustShow MoreRelatedquestion answer1663 Words   |  7 Pagesexample Chapter 16 - Review Questions 16.1 Describe the purpose of a design methodology. A design methodology is a structured approach that uses procedures, techniques, tools, and documentation aids to support and facilitate the process of design. 16.2 Describe the main phases involved database design. Database design is made up of three main phases: logical and physical database design. Conceptual database design: the process of constructing a model of the data used in an enterprise, independentRead MoreDatabase Development Life Cycle ( Ddlc )1231 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The database development life cycle (DDLC) is the steps involved from the start to finish of a database s life. Typically, a database’s life end when its functionality to a user is no longer applicable to the users needs. The DDLC consists of seven interdependent steps: database planning, database analysis, logical database design, physical database design, implementation and data mapping, integration and testing, operation and maintenance, and disposition (Gupta, Mata-Toledo,Read MoreDatabase Development Life Cycle ( Ddlc )1230 Words   |  5 PagesThe database development life cycle (DDLC) is the steps involved from the start to finish of a database s life. Typically, a database’s life end when its functionality to a user is no longer applicable to the users needs. The DDLC consists of seven interdependent steps: database planning, database analysis, logical database design, physical database design, implementation and data mapping, integration and testing, ope ration and maintenance, and disposition (Gupta, Mata-Toledo, and Monger 2011)Read MoreMarketing Strategies Of An American Clothing Brand Company875 Words   |  4 Pages 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Abstract 2. Aeropostale is an American clothing brand company that deals in apparel and accessories for men and women principally in the age of 10 to 30 years. It is a proprietary brand that designs, markets and sells its own merchandise. It receives raw materials from a range of suppliers and manufactures its own line of products. It has various departments namely men, women, boys, girls and accessories. 3. The brand focuses on marketing strategies by advertising in newspapersRead MoreOnline Registration3963 Words   |  16 PagesDESIGN AND IMPLEMENATION OF A WEB BASED ONLINE STUDENT REGISTRATION SYSTEM WITH SMS FEEDBACK. CASE STUDY: KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY . BY OTAJEREHA KENNETH ONORIODE BIT/42017/91/DF A PROJECT PROPOSAL SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF COMPUTER STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF BACHELOR OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OF KAMPALA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY DECLARATION I OTAJEREHE KENNETH ONORIODE, BIT/42017/91/DF declares that thisRead MoreDatabase Design and Implementation38677 Words   |  155 PagesPhyloInformatics 7: 1-66 - 2005 Relational Database Design and Implementation for Biodiversity Informatics Paul J. Morris The Academy of Natural Sciences 1900 Ben Franklin Parkway, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA Received: 28 October 2004 - Accepted: 19 January 2005 Abstract The complexity of natural history collection information and similar information within the scope of biodiversity informatics poses significant challenges for effective long term stewardship of that information in electronicRead MoreEthics Intellectual Report2629 Words   |  11 PagesINTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, AND PATENT Team # 5 Report prepared by TABLE OF CONTENTS: 1: SCOPE 3 2: ETHICS ISSUES IN ENGINEERING DESIGN3 2.1 DESIGNING BRIDGE3 2.2 THE DESIGN PROBLEM4 3: LEGISLATION AND ETHICS CODES4 3.1 THE ETHICS CODES OF DESIGN A BRIDGE4 3.2 GENERAL EHTICS CODES OF DESIGN A BRIDGE5 3.3 SAFETY DURING CONSTRUCTION5 3.4 SAFETY IN USE6 3.5 SUSTAINABILITY 6 3.6 RESPONSIBILITY AND LIABILITY6 3.7 EXAMPLE OF BRIDGES ACCIDENTSRead MoreThe Development And Design Of A Database1429 Words   |  6 PagesABSTRACT The use of agile in database development has grown over the years with the goal of improving the quality of the final product. 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Project Plan Project Management

Question: Discuss about the Project Plan for Project Management? Answer: The project plan of the Liverpool music festival has been classified into the following 8 stages; planning, budgeting, designing, marketing, location, safety, testing and delivery and post festival. The following table provides the justification for the inclusion of these phases in the Gant Chart tool. Stages Reason for have in it in the Gantt Charts tool. Planning stage The project planning phase is the second phase of the project lifecycle: this particular phase is essential as it provides the project team with the scope for making plans that would be used in executing the entire project. The planning phase has been included in the Gantt Chart tool in order to make provide the project team with the scope to perform the following activities: a. Setting out the budget of the entire project. b. Setting out the plans for the venue and the time frame at which the Liverpool music festival would be held. c. Making arrangements for obtaining the licenses required for the festival. d. Communicating with the sponsor of the project. e. Making arrangements for renting the venue. f. Identifying the risks associated with the project and devising the plans for the management of the risks. Budget stage. The budget stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Determining the legal fees required for conducting the project. b. Determining the salaries that need to be paid to the project team. Design stage The design stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. designing the venue b. designing the structure that would be used for conducting the festival c. Collaborating the entire design Marketing stage The marketing stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making marketing plans b. Advertising the project LMF Location stage The LMF Location stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making consultations b. Providing permissions for conducting the festival c. Preparing the ground and the arts d. Ensuring the capacity and quality of the preparations being made Safety stage The Safety stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Making arrangement for mitigating health and safety risks associated with the festival. b. Communicating with the government agencies to make arrangement for police protection and ambulance services. c. Making arrangements for insurance. Test and delivery stage. The Test and delivery stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Testing the arrangements before the festival is held. b. Handing over the arrangements to the festival committee. Post festival stage The Post festival stage has been include in the Gantt Chart tool in order to cater to the following activities: a. Cleaning up the ground or venue that was rented for conducting the festival. b. Collecting reviews from the sponsors of the project. Bibliography Kerzner, H.R., 2013.Project management: a systems approach to planning, scheduling, and controlling. John Wiley Sons. Phillips, J., 2013.PMP, Project Management Professional (Certification Study Guides). McGraw-Hill Osborne Media. Teller, J., Kock, A. and Gemnden, H.G., 2014. Risk management in project portfolios is more than managing project risks: a contingency perspective on risk management.Project Management Journal,45(4), pp.67-80. Turner, J.R., 2014.The handbook of project-based management(Vol. 92). McGraw-hill.

Ozzy Osbourne Essay Example For Students

Ozzy Osbourne Essay Ozzy Osbourne#9;Ozzy Osbournes music is liked by so many people because of how his lyrics deal with real life experiences. Ozzy writes a lot about what feels or what he has done. Something that has made Ozzy so popular was the fact that he doesnt care what people think. He always has done what ever he wants. These two characteristics have made Ozzy Osbourne a very popular musician in the U.S and in Europe. Like when Ozzy went to meet the big time record executives at CBS record company, his wife Sharon wanted him to make a big impression so she suggested that he release three doves when he walked into the room. Well what ended up happening is Ozzy came into the office, sat on a womens lap at the executive table, released two doves into the air and then bite the head off the third one. Another thing helping the situation out was the fact that Ozzy had a little too much to drink that evening as usual. Another thing that Ozzy has done because of the fact that it just made him mad is tha t one day Ozzys wife Sharon came home one day and found Ozzy on the floor underneath the piano with a shotgun in one hand and a bloody knife in the other with seventeen dead cats all around him. What happened is Ozzy had drank and smoked and done all kinds of drugs and he didnt like the cats to begin with so he shot and stabbed every one of them. He just didnt care if they died or not. If thats not enough for you to realize that Ozzy doesnt care about what people think then listen to this. One day Ozzy was in a very expensive motel and once again was drinking heavily, and decided to take a trip down to the bottom floor on the elevator. Well on the way down he must have had to go to the bathroom because he ended up taking a crap in the corner of the elevator. When it got to the bottom floor and the door opened there was a bunch of people at the doors and they saw him and they were all standing there with there mouths wide open. #9;Ozzy Osbourne was born in the small town of Birmingham England in 1948. His Father (Jack Osbourne) was a steelworker and Mother (Lillian Osbourne) worked in a plant building electronic circuits. Ozzy was the fourth of six children (2 brothers, Tony and Paul) and three sisters (Jean, Iris and Gillian). At the age of fifteen Ozzy left school and took a job as a plumbers assistant to try and help out his family money wise. He also took many other different jobs like a toolmakers apprentice. He ended up with a job in a slaughterhouse for two years and eventually this job also ended. Ozzy found out later that he did not like working for other people so he decided to change his efforts over to crime. He eventually got caught and went to prison for a while were he gave himself the famous O-Z-Z-Y tattoo on his left knuckles and a happy face on his left knee. Eventually Ozzy got out of the criminal field and started several small bands witch failed. Like the bands Approach, Music Machine, Rare Breed, Mythology. But he had no luck with any of these bands and ended up ditching them all. Until one day he put an add in the paper as follows ;quot;Ozzy Zig looking for band, owns own amp.;quot; Then he got a call from Tony Iommi and hooks up with Billy Ward, Tony Iommi, Geezer Butler, Jimmy Phillips and Clark, witch created the band ;quot;Polka Tulk.;quot; The band name came from talcum powder that Ozzy found in the bathroom. This was a slow pace type of music and the band decided that people were not into that sort of thing anymore. So Jimmy Phillips and Clark quit the band. So then the band changed there name to Earth. One day an old horror movie was playing in a local theater and the name was ;quot;Black Sabbath.;quot; Geezer saw this and told the band.

Health And Safety Management Systems Construction Essay Example For Students

Health And Safety Management Systems Construction Essay An Occupational Health and Safety Management System ( OHSMS ) may be defined as a series of procedures which provide a model, for pull offing occupational wellness and safety ( OHS ) duties so that they become more efficient and more incorporate into overall concern operations, around which good public presentation can be established and maintained and which will back up the development of a safety civilization. ( International Labour Organisation ( ILO ) -British Standards Institution ( BSI ) Joint-Definition ) The chief purpose of the OHSM is to plan steps to command and extinguish the likeliness of jeopardies in the workplace and advance a safe work environment. Outline1 .1 Management committedness2 Management committedness and employee engagement3 .2 Health and Safety policy4 Health publicity in the workplace5 Workplace wellbeing6 Safety undertakings and responsisbilities7 Health and Safety audit and Performance reappraisal8 Safety civilization9 2.2 Health and Safety civilization10 Training for wellness and safety11 2.10 Health surveillance12 Health and Safety Committee13 2.5 Health and safety plans .1 Management committedness An effectual direction addresses all work-related jeopardies and employees public assistance installations and non merely those stipulated by Torahs. There is a demand for direction to do the wellness and safety of workers a precedence. It is indispensable that there be strong direction committedness and strong worker engagement in the attempt to make and keep a safe and healthy workplace. In each workplace, the lines of duty from top to bottom demand to be clear, and workers should cognize who is responsible for different wellness and safety issues. Management is responsible that the administration has the appropriate policies, programmes in topographic point to guarantee a healthy and safe workplace. Management committedness and employee engagement Charles reese ( accident ) Management committedness and employee are complementary. Management committedness provides the actuating force and the resources for forming and commanding activities within an organisation. Employee engagement provides the agencies through which workers develop and/or show their ain committedness to safety and wellness protection, for themselves and for their fellow workers. Safety and wellness ends and aims are besides included to help you in set uping workplace ends and aims that demonstrate your company s committedness to safety. .2 Health and Safety policy It is the duty of direction to provide for the wellness and safety of its work force. Clearly developed and concise policies set the way for the administration by pass oning direction s ends and aims. A good wellness and safety policy demand to be: 1. Specific to the administration and appropriate to its size and nature of plants ; 2. Clearly written so as to educate workers, clients, providers and general populace about the wellness and safety policy of the administration ; 3. Specific about the duty and answerability of directors and supervisors at all degrees ; 4. Efficaciously communicated to all employees ; and 3. Reviewed on a regular footing to guarantee go oning sustainability. The best wellness and safety policies align wellness and safety with human resources direction as employees are the cardinal resource of an organisation. ( HSE Successful Health and Safety Management HS ( G ) HMSO 1997 ) The OSH policy should include, as a lower limit, the following cardinal rules and aims to which the organisation is committed: 1. protecting the safety and wellness of all members of the organisation by forestalling work-related hurts, sick wellness, diseases and incidents ; 2. following with relevant OSH national Torahs and ordinances, voluntary programmes, corporate understandings on OSH and other demands to which the organisation subscribes ; 3. guaranting that workers and their representatives are consulted and encouraged to take part actively in all elements of the OSH direction system ; and .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .postImageUrl , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:visited , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:active { border:0!important; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:active , .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9ea39f35d923e3bd9eae5f70705050ec:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nuke The Bastards! A Satire Essay4. continually bettering the public presentation of the OSH direction system. ( ILO Guidelines on the Occupational Health and Safety Management System 2001 ) Health publicity in the workplace This complements occupational wellness and safety steps to better the well being of workers at the workplace. Workplace wellbeing Harmonizing to ILO, it relates to all facets of working life, from the quality and safety of the physical environment, to how workers feel about their work, their on the job environment, the clime at work and work administration. Workers good being is straight related to the productiveness of the administration. The higher the workers good being, the higher will be the productiveness of the organistion. Safety undertakings and responsisbilities Health and Safety audit and Performance reappraisal Health and Safety audit and public presentation reappraisal are the concluding stairss in the wellness and safety direction. Safety civilization 2.2 Health and Safety civilization In order to develop good wellness and safety patterns, a good wellness and safety civilization is needed at work. Employers need to integrate wellness and safety patterns in their twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours running of the concern. Successful occupational wellness and safety patterns necessitates the coaction and engagement of both employers/owners or direction and employees in wellness and safety programmes, and it involves the consideration of issues associating to occupational medical specialty, industrial hygiene, toxicology, instruction, technology safety, biotechnologies, psychological science, etc. Both workers and employers have a legal duty to look after wellness and safety at work together. Workers who contribute to wellness and safety at work, are safer and healthier than those who do non. Building and keep a wellness and safety civilization involve the usage of all available agencies to increase consciousness, cognition and apprehension of the constructs of jeopardies and hazards and how they may be prevented or controlled. The safety civilization of an organisation is the merchandise of single and group values, attitudes, perceptual experiences, competences and forms of behavior that determine the committedness to, and the manner and proficiency of, an administration s wellness and safety direction. Successful Health and Safety Management by HSE ( 2nd edition ) , pg 22 Training for wellness and safety Training means educating people on what should be done and non, how it should be done and when it should be done. Based on a study carried out by ILO, workers frequently experience work-related wellness jobs but do non recognize that the jobs are related to their work, peculiarly when an occupational disease, for illustration, is in the early phases. Hence, there is a demand to develop workers on safe manner to make the occupation, jeopardies associated with the work and how to extinguish or command them. It is besides of import to develop workers how to respond in instance of exigencies, like a fire eruption. Training on first assistance is besides of import. Training can be conducted at different degrees: 1. during initiation class for new employees where they can be educated on how to work safely and besides about the jeopardies and hazards associated with the occupations, how to extinguish or command them. 2. Training can be organized for direction and Supervisors so that they know what are the jeopardies nowadays in the workplace and this enable them to develop policies to battle these jeopardies 3. Regular preparation to bing employees, to update them on new equipment and engineerings being used. 2.10 Health surveillance Health surveillance at work is really of import. It is performed to look for early marks of sick wellness caused by substances and other jeopardies at work. It includes maintaining wellness records for persons and may include medical scrutinies and proving of blood or urine samples, so that disciplinary action can be taken. .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .postImageUrl , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:visited , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:active { border:0!important; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:active , .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2 .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u636dc0c4456aac87f3d04610b30ba3b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jack Londons To Build A Fire: Theme EssayHealth and Safety Committee 2.5 Health and safety plans For all of the grounds given above, it is important that employers, workers and brotherhoods are committed to wellness and safety and that: workplace jeopardies are controlled at the beginning whenever possible ; records of any exposure are maintained for many old ages ; both workers and employers are informed about wellness and safety hazards in the workplace ; there is an active and effectual wellness and safety commission that includes both workers and direction ; worker wellness and safety attempts are ongoing. Charles D. Reese ( 2001 ) Accident/Incident Prevention Techniques In order to efficaciously pull off safety and wellness, a company must pay attending to some critical factors: 1. policy of direction sing wellness and safety of workers 2. wellness and safety ends of the company 3. who is responsible for occupational safety and wellness 4. how are supervisors and employees held accountable for occupation safety and wellness? 5. what are the effects of non following the safety regulations 6. are at that place set processs for turn toing safety and wellness at the workplace? A written safety and wellness plan is of primary importance in turn toing these points.

Long Jump free essay sample

This is very unfortunate because the takeoff phase is by far the most critical of the four phases to the success of the performance (Linger, 1980; and Stewart, 1981; Ramey, 1982). Finally, in Stage 4 the jumper learns to coordinate the swinging body segments with the movements previously learned. Each of these distances as well as the total distance jumped is greatly affected by the takeoff variable. The flight distance, which accounts for most of the total distance, is also determined by a number of takeoff variables, the most important being the resultant takeoff velocity. From the discussion above it is clear that in order o maximize flight distance, the takeoff actions must be Even though the landing comes at the end of the jump, the distance attained during this phase is also influenced by the actions performed during the takeoff. Similar to the takeoff distance, the landing distance is also determined by the jumper’s physique and body’s configuration at touchdown. We will write a custom essay sample on Long Jump or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The optimal configuration at touchdown is one which allows the jumper to maximize distance by extending his/her legs as far as possible in front of the center of mass without falling backward (Dyson, 1977) precisely timed and coordinated Long Jump free essay sample It was hypothesized that some characteristics of the positions adopted by long jumpers during the final strides of the approach are significantly related to the distance of the jump,position variables were significantly related to the distance of the jump, through their relationships with the velocity of the approach and the vertical velocity of the CG at takeoff into the jumphe techniques used during the final strides of the approach, the role of elastic energy in the takeoff, the initiation and control of the jumpers angular momentum, and the techniques used in the landing. This is very unfortunate because the takeoff phase is by far the most critical of the four phases to the success of the performance (Linger, 1980; and Stewart, 1981; Ramey, 1982). Finally, in Stage 4 the jumper learns to coordinate the swinging body segments with the movements previously learned. Each of these distances as well as the total distance jumped is greatly affected by the takeoff variableThe flight distance, which accounts for most of the total distance, is also determined by a number of takeoff variables, the most important being the resultant takeoff velocity. We will write a custom essay sample on Long Jump or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page From the discussion above it is clear that in order o maximize flight distance, the takeoff actions must be Even though the landing comes at the end of the jump, the distance attained during this phase is also influenced by the actions performed during the takeoff. Similar to the takeoff distance, the landing distance is also determined by the jumper’s physique and body’s configuration at touchdown. The optimal configuration at touchdown is one which allows the jumper to maximize distance by extending his/her legs as far as possible in front of the center of mass without falling backward (Dyson, 1977) precisely timed and coordinated

Jazz Music- The Roots Of Our Everyday Life Essays (667 words)

Jazz Music- The Roots Of Our Everyday Life What is Jazz? According to the dictionary, jazz is defined as, ?A kind of syncopated, highly rhythmic music originated by Southern blacks in the late 19th century? (?Jazz? 232). But, everyone should at least agree that jazz is the mother of all music, and is referred to as the only art form originating in the United States (?History 101? 2). America was home to immigrants from all over Europe and beyond who wished to build a new life, or just needed to escape from the old. These people, often thought of as second-class, brought their culture with them to America, expressed it musically, and changed the music world as we know it today. Most early jazz was played in small marching bands or by solo pianists. Besides ragtime and marches, the repertoire included hymns, spirituals, and blues. The bands played this music at picnics, weddings, parades, and funerals. Characteristically, the bands played hymns on the way to funerals and lively marches on the way back. Although blues and ragtime had arisen independently of jazz, and continued to exist alongside it, these genres influenced the style and forms of jazz and provided important vehicles for jazz improvisation. Around the turn of the 20th century, the earliest fully documented jazz style emerged, centered in New Orleans, Louisiana. This city is often called the ?cradle of jazz? (?History 101? 3). In this style, the trumpet carried the melody, the clarinet played showy countermelodies, and the trombone played rhythmic slides and sounded the root notes of chords or simple harmony. Below this basic trio, the tuba or string bass provided a bass line and drums the rhythmic accompaniment. New Orleans jazz was just the beginning of an entire sweep across the county. The first true virtuoso soloist of jazz was Louis Armstrong. He was a dazzling improviser, technically, emotionally, and intellectually. He changed the format of jazz by bringing the soloist to the forefront, and in his recording groups, the ?Hot Five? and the ?Hot Seven? (Porter 2), demonstrated that jazz improvisation could go far beyond simply ornamenting the melody. He became the first well known male jazz singer, and also set standards for all later jazz singers, by creating scat singing: singing meaningless syllables instead of words, not unlike instrumental improvisation. During the 1920s, large groups of jazz musicians began to play together, forming the big bands that became so popular in the 1930s and early 1940s, (the swing era). The development of the big band can be majorly credited to the achievement of Duke Ellington and his revolutionary song, ?It Don't Mean a Thing If It Ain't Got That Swing? (?Jazz Music? 54). This soon became the new word for music played with a happy, relaxed beat. A new style also started in the early 1940's when a group of musicians started experimenting with more complicated chord patterns and melodic ideas. This group included trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie, alto saxophonist Charlie Parker, and pianists Thelonious Monk and Bud Powell. This new approach became known as bebop, or bop. Most bop musicians had exceptional techniques that enabled them to play long, dazzling phrases with many notes. In the 1940's and 1950's, jazz began to lose its reputation as a ?lowdown? music, and gained acceptance among intellectuals and college students. Jazz concerts became popular. Duke Ellington and other big band leaders gave many concerts, and a group of improvising musicians made a series of nationwide tours called ?Jazz at the Philharmonic? (?Jazz Music? 56). Jazz music was revolutionary and is still changing and improving, even today. The music world today would not be the same without the influence of these amazing and breathtaking musicians. Bibliography ?History 101.? Jazz Central: The true home of jazz. Jul. 1998. 1-4. ?Jazz.? Webster's New World Dictionary. Cleveland, OH: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1989. 232. ?Jazz Music.? The World Book Encyclopedia. 1974 ed. Porter, Lewis. ?Jazz.? The 1998 Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. Aug. 1997. 1-12. Music

Executive Order 9835 Demanded Loyalty

Executive Order 9835 Demanded Loyalty In 1947, World War II had just ended, the Cold War had just begun, and Americans were seeing communists everywhere. It was in that politically-charged atmosphere of fear that President Harry S. Truman on March 21, 1947, issued an executive order establishing an official â€Å"Loyalty Program† intended to identify and eliminate communists in the U.S. government. Key Takeaways: Executive Order 9835 Executive Order 9835 was a presidential executive order issued by President Harry S. Truman on March 21, 1947. The so-called â€Å"Loyalty Order† created a controversial â€Å"Federal Employee Loyalty Program† charged with eliminating communists from all areas of the U.S. government. The order empowered the FBI to investigate federal employees and created presidentially-appointed Loyalty Review Boards to act on reports from the FBI.Between 1947 and 1953, more than 3 million federal employees were investigated, with 308 fired after being declared security risks by the Loyalty Review Boards.   Truman’s Executive Order 9835, often called the â€Å"Loyalty Order,† created the Federal Employee Loyalty Program, which authorized the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) to conduct initial background checks on federal employees and carry out more in-depth investigations when warranted. The order also created Presidentially-appointed Loyalty Review Boards to investigate and act on the findings of the FBI. â€Å"There shall be a loyalty investigation of every person entering the civilian employment of any department or agency of the executive branch of the Federal Government,† the Loyalty Order decreed, also providing that, â€Å"equal protection from unfounded accusations of disloyalty must be afforded the loyal employees.† According to the paper The Second Red Scare, Digital History, Post-War America 1945-1960 from the University of Houston, the Loyalty Program investigated over 3 million federal employees, 308 of whom were fired after being declared security risks. Background: Rise of the Communist Threat Shortly after the end of World War II, not only had the entire world learned the horrors of nuclear weapons, America’s relationship with the Soviet Union had deteriorated from wartime allies to staunch enemies. Based on reports that the USSR had succeeded in developing its own nuclear weapons, Americans, including government leaders, were gripped by a fear of the Soviets and communists in general, whoever and wherever they might be.  Ã‚   Growing economic tension between the two nations, along with fears of uncontrolled Soviet spy activity in America began to influence ​U.S. foreign policy and, of course, politics. Conservative groups and the Republican Party sought to use the so-called â€Å"Red Scare† threat of Communism to their advantage in the 1946 midterm Congressional elections by claiming that President Truman and his Democratic Party were â€Å"soft on Communism.† Eventually, the fear that communists were beginning to infiltrate the U.S. government itself became a key campaign issue. In November 1946, Republican candidates won sweeping victories nationwide resulting in Republican control of both the House of Representatives and the Senate.   Truman Responds to the Red Scare Two weeks after the election, on November 25, 1946, President Truman responded to his Republican critics by creating the Presidents Temporary Commission on Employee Loyalty or TCEL. Made up of representatives from six Cabinet-level government departments under the chairmanship of a Special Assistant to the U.S. Attorney General, TCEL was intended to create federal loyalty standards and procedures for the removal of disloyal or subversive individuals from federal government positions. The New York Times printed the TCEL announcement on its front page under the headline, â€Å"President orders purge of disloyal from U.S. posts.† Truman demanded that the TCEL report its findings to the White House by February 1, 1947, less than two months before he issued his Executive Order 9835 creating the Loyalty Program. Did Politics Force Truman’s Hand? Historians contend that the timing of Truman’s actions, taken so soon after the Republican Congressional victories, show that both the TCEL and the subsequent Loyalty Order had been politically motivated.   Truman, it seems, was not as worried about Communist infiltration as the terms of his Loyalty Order indicated. In February 1947, he wrote to Pennsylvania’s Democratic Governor George Earle, â€Å"People are very much wrought up about the communist bugaboo but I am of the opinion that the country is perfectly safe so far as Communism is concerned- we have too many sane people.† How the Loyalty Program Worked Truman’s Loyalty Order directed the FBI to investigate the backgrounds, associations, and beliefs of any of the approximately 2 million executive branch federal employees. The FBI reported the results of their investigations to one or more of the 150 Loyalty Review Boards in various government agencies. The Loyalty Review Boards were authorized to conduct their own investigations and to collect and consider testimony from witnesses whose names were not disclosed. Notably, the employees being targeted by the loyalty investigations were not allowed to confront the witnesses testifying against them. Employees could be fired if the loyalty board found â€Å"reasonable doubt† regarding their loyalty to the U.S. government or ties to communist organizations. The Loyalty Order defined five specific categories of disloyalty for which employees or applicants could be fired or rejected for employment. These were: Sabotage, espionage, spying or the advocacy thereofTreason, sedition or the advocacy thereof;Intentional, unauthorized disclosure of confidential informationAdvocacy of the violent overthrow of the U.S. governmentMembership in, affiliation with or sympathetic association with any organization labeled as totalitarian, fascist, Communist or subversive The Subversive Organization List and McCarthyism Truman’s Loyalty Order resulted in the controversial â€Å"Attorney Generals List of Subversive Organizations† (AGLOSO), which contributed the second American Red Scare from 1948 to 1958 and the phenomenon known as â€Å"McCarthyism.† Between 1949 and 1950, the Soviet Union demonstrated that it had indeed developed nuclear weapons, China fell to Communism, and Republican Senator Joseph McCarthy famously declared that the U.S. Department of State employed more than 200 â€Å"known communists.† Despite having issued his Loyalty Order, President Truman again faced charges that his administration was â€Å"coddling† communists. Results and Demise  of Truman’s Loyalty Order According to historian Robert H. Ferrell’s book Harry S. Truman: A Life, by mid-1952, the Loyalty Review Boards created by Truman’s Loyalty Order had investigated more than 4 million actual or prospective federal employees, of which 378 were fired or denied employment. â€Å"None of the discharged cases led to discovery of espionage,† noted Ferrell. Truman’s Loyalty program has been widely criticized as an unwarranted attack on innocent Americans,  driven by the Red Scare. As the Cold War’s threat of nuclear attack grew more serious during the 1950s, Loyalty Order investigations became more common. According to the book Civil Liberties and the Legacy of Harry S. Truman, edited by Richard S. Kirkendall, â€Å"the program exerted its chilling effect on a far larger number of employees than those who were dismissed.† In April 1953, Republican President Dwight D. Eisenhower issued Executive Order 10450 revoking Truman’s Loyalty Order and dismantling the Loyalty Review Boards. Instead, Eisenhower’s order directed the heads of federal agencies and the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, supported by the FBI, to investigate federal employees to determine whether they posed security risks.

How to Write a Winning Cover Letter

How to Write a Winning Cover Letter In todays challenging employment field, job hunters are finding they need to apply to a much higher volume of positions over a greater amount of time before they land that new job. Theres all the more reason, then, to include a remarkable cover letter with your resume that makes you stand out from the pack and truly shine in an employers eyes.Your big sales toolIn an ideal world, your cover letter and resume should complement each other perfectly. The letter will sell the heck out of all your fabulous skills and why this employer cannot live without you, then the resume will hammer it in with the specific details of your education, experience and skills to back the cover letter up.The cover letter has truly become the single most important item that you can send to an employer, especially in a job market where companies are receiving hundreds of qualified applicants for each open position. No matter what field your expertise is in, writing a winning cover letter requires that you can step into a sales position (if only for a moment) to sell yourself.While the task may seem daunting, especially if you dont consider yourself the sales type, you shouldnt fret. After all, you are undoubtedly the person who knows your abilities and skill set best. So once you find the right language to convey your strengths to a potential employer, and match it up cleverly to what the employer is seeking, you will be right on track to getting through the gates for an interview.Do some braggingYour cover letter is no place to be modest. Employers are attracted to applicants that exude confidence and show a real command of their strong points. This is not to say you should be so pompous in your bragging that you insult or turn off an employer. Instead, your cover letter should express a respectful, enthusiastic and confident explanation of your qualifications and past experience that make you the best person for the job.So how do you make this magic happen, you ask? Well, the answer i s to just be you, but in their words. By this I mean that with every job ad you decide to apply to, you should be critically examining what that employer is asking for. Then, using your basic, generic cover letter that wasnt getting you the attention you really deserved, reword your drab sentences to cater specifically to the potential employers request while highlighting your high points at past positions.For example, see the ho-hum cover letter below of a mid-level sales person looking to advance.Basic cover letter:John Doe123 Main StreetNew York, NY 12234To whom it may concern:After reading your advertisement for a sales professional on Monster.com, I am applying for the position.My experience in sales includes customer service, presentations to clients, marketing and some management of junior sales people in my region. I have consistently met the sales goals and standards for all the companies I have worked for. I have also been responsible for training junior sales people at ti mes, and am familiar with the process of learning product knowledge in order to sell a product.I am well groomed and easy to get along with. I am used to working independently and am self-disciplined enough to do so. I enjoy the sales field and the challenge of meeting sales goals.I hope you will see that I can be a good person for this sales professional position. Thank you for your time and consideration. I hope to hear from you soon.Sincerely,John Doe619-555-1234 home619-555-5678 cellWhy its basicMr. Doe might feel like this cover letter gets his point across pretty well, and hes right to some degree. He has listed all the meaningful points that make his skill set attractive. However, hes delivered this information in a just the facts sort of format. Theres no confidence, no selling himself, and no catering to the specific employers needs in this letter.In order to demonstrate how Mr. Doe could alter this basic, generic cover letter to make it a real sales pitch on his behalf, le ts say he came across the following job ad and decided to apply for it.WANTED: Sales professional for Fortune 500 company. Must be a real self-starter and able to work independently. Management experience a plus. Position requires the ability to make presentations to clients, follow-up with regular, reliable customer service, and learn product knowledge inside out. Would like an individual with proven sales achievement and eager to make unlimited income. Fax Mr. Shoe at 619-555-9876 with a cover letter and resume for consideration.See the letter below for ways Mr. Doe could target his basic cover letter specifically to this ad, and make himself and his expert skills stand out and get noticed in the process.A winning cover letterJohn Doe123 Main StreetNew York, NY 12234Dear Mr. Shoe:After reading your advertisement for a sales professional on Monster.com, I am enthusiastically applying for the position.My experience as a regional sales manager for ABC Communications has allowed me to learn the importance of good customer service, coupled with first-class management and marketing skills. In all my sales posts, I have been required to master a great deal of product knowledge, give extensive presentations on products, keep in regular contact with clients and prospects, and meet sales goals and standards. Also in all my sales positions, I have not only met, but exceeded, the sales quotas required, helping the companies to reach new, all-time sales records.On a personal level, I am confident, well groomed and easy to get along with. I am very self-disciplined and can get the job done in an independent environment. I know how to listen to and recognize a clients buying cues. I am stimulated by the idea of unlimited earning potential and enjoy the challenge of meeting and beating sales goals.I would love the chance to meet with you in person to discuss how I could be an asset to your company. Thank you for your time and consideration. I look forward to hearing from yo u soon!Sincerely,John Doe619-555-1234 home619-555-5678 cellSo you see, with a little more description and some detailed focusing of his cover letter to the employers requirements, Mr. Doe is bound to get noticed much more with this second, winning cover letter. Of course, it goes without saying that you should always check your cover letter for grammar, spelling and punctuation before you send it off, and use an easy-to-read font (Times New Roman or Arial are nice) and point size (10 to 12 point is good).In summary, writing a winning cover letter every time requires some bragging and selling on your part, as well as carefully crafting sentences aimed at the potential employers needs. Following this formula and combining your cover letter with a well-written resume is a surefire way to get you in the door for an interview long before the applicants who send in the same old, tired, generic cover letter to every job ad.

Robert Louis Stevensons Treasure Island for Study

Robert Louis Stevensons Treasure Island for Study Not only is Robert Louis Stevensons ​Treasure Island  one of the most popular childrens books in history, its had a major influence on popular culture portrayals of 19th-century pirates. It tells the story of young Jim Hawkins, cabin boy on a ship bound for an island where the treasure is believed buried. He encounters pirates who seek to overthrow the ships officers in a mutiny. Published as a series in the magazine Young Folks between 1881 and 1882, Treasure Island is notable as a childrens book because of the moral ambiguity of many of its main characters; the good guys are sometimes not so good, and its most memorable character, Long John Silver, is a classic anti-hero. The story has captured imaginations for more than a hundred years and has been adapted for film and television more than 50 times.​​ Questions for Study and Discussion Why do you think Jim goes on the journey as a cabin boy?How does Robert Louis Stevenson reveal the characters motivations in Treasure Island?Knowing that this was a serialized story when it was first published, do you have a sense of whether Stevenson plotted out the entire story before writing, or do you think he changed elements of the plot as he wrote each individual section?What are some symbols in Treasure Island?Is Jim Hawkins consistent in his actions? Is he a fully developed character?What about ​Long John Silverare his actions consistent?How easily can you identify with Jims feelings? Do you think this portrayal of a young boy seems dated, or does it stand the test of time?If this novel were written in present day, what details would have to change?Discuss how Long John Silver is or is not a father figure to Jim.Which of the characters surprises you the most?Does the story end the way you expected?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken p lace anywhere else? Besides Jim Hawkins mother, there are very few women in Treasure Island. Do you think this is important to the plot?What would a sequel to this novel have looked like? Would it be possible to continue the story?

Human rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Human rights - Essay Example The law of protest in the UK is inherently complex, with both the common law and constitutional provisions playing significant roles. The  Public Order Act 1986  is one of the major legislations that frame conditions to which protest demonstrations and marches are subject.2 This act allows the UK police to levy conditions that are deemed necessary for preventing property damage, public disorder, or stop protestors from intimidating others, while making it compulsory for the protestors to present a prior notification to the police. Failing to adhere to the stated conditions is an offence entailing arrest under the common law. Besides the  Public Order Act 1986,  there are various other provisions such as the stop and search provisions created under the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 19843 and the Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005 (SOCPA)4 that prohibit protests and demonstrations in specific areas without prior notification and permission. For example, areas surrou nding the Parliament Square and Trafalgar Square come under  the SOCPA designated areas. ... This essay critically analyses the aforementioned statement suggesting that the policing of protests as provided by the Public Order Act 1986 favours the interests of the state over the democratic rights of an individual as provided by the ECHR. Discussion Under provisions made by the ECHR, the Home Office and the police are under obligations to comply with the rights set out in the treaty; however, at the same time the provisions under the UK common law are also taken into consideration. The UK Government is required to protect all that come under its jurisdiction, which includes demonstrators, protestors, those targeted by the protestors, the public and the police.5 There are two obligation types owed by the UK under the ECHR: positive and negative. A positive obligation makes it necessary for the government to frame protective or preventive measures to secure rights listed in article 11 of the ECHR, whereas under the negative obligation they must stop from taking certain protectiv e or preventive measures. For example, under a negative obligation the UK Government cannot place hurdles in front of those wanting to protest.6 A positive obligation, on the other hand, helps counter protests and makes it compulsory for the government to frame measures that safeguard individuals from the actions of others (such as those targeted by the protestors or business firms against whom individuals may want to protest). Article 11 of the ECHR makes provisions that safeguard the rights of protestors and demonstrators taking part in peaceful assemblies from state interference. Article 11 comprises two interlinked rights: the right not to be stopped from associating and meeting (except

Strengths and Weaknesses of Social Contract Theory Research Paper

Strengths and Weaknesses of Social Contract Theory - Research Paper Example This paper tells that the social contract is considered to be an agreement between the state and those subjected to it, over their duties towards one another and how these duties are likely to be carried out. It is through the belief in this contract that many states today have come to be formed, and this mainly through the development of constitutions. The social contract theory recognizes that individuals have their own natural rights some of which they surrender to their governments so that the latter can protect their remaining rights. This paper seeks to show that while the social contract theory has many strengths, it also has various weaknesses, both of which will be addressed. The social contract theory is one which attempts to bring order to the society through the recognition of the rights and duties of individuals and states towards each other. This recognition allows for the development of a constitution which helps in the formulation of laws the protect the rights of ind ividuals while at the same time making it possible for people within the society to recognize their responsibilities not only to the state but also towards one another. It is through this recognition that it becomes possible for the government to enforce its authority over the society within its territory and this helps it to protect the individuals living within it. This theory can be considered to be a guideline for governments on how they can handle their responsibilities towards their people, for example, the provision of security as well as ensuring that their people are able to exercise their freedoms without any prejudice. It also recognizes that there are certain situations where individual rights have to be put aside in favor of the good of society especially in situations where individuals are required to pay taxes in order to help the government to fulfill its obligations.

Investigating Dynamic Malware Analysis tool Research Proposal

Investigating Dynamic Malware Analysis tool - Research Proposal Example Signature based detection is susceptible to invasion. Since the pattern or the signature is obtained from a familiar malware, this detection technique is easily evaded by obfuscating a program such as junk insertion and packing (Mishra, 2010). Even simple obfuscation such as code re-ordering and inserting no-ops can create a variant of malware able to evade signature-based detectors. This technique is also not able to detect unknown malware. The signatures of this program are architecture by close observation of known malware hence signature-based detection is only able to detect â€Å"known malware.† At times, signature-based detection fails to pick a variant of an already known malware. In this respect, signature-based detection offers minimal zero-day protection (Venugopal & Hu, 2008). In addition, the signature database grows exponentially since the detector uses a specific signature for every variant of malware. Heuristic scanning bears a close resemblance to signature scanning with the only difference being, instead of checking for particular signatures; heuristic scanning will check for certain commands or instructions within a program, which are not typically found in application programs (Aycock, 2006). The heuristic engine ultimately is better placed to sense for potentially malicious executions in previously unexamined and new malicious behavior such as virus replication mechanism, payload of Trojan or worm distribution routine. Generic virus protection renders all other malware scanners obsolete and offers sufficient protection to stop any malware. The user is saved from weekly software updates since the software is able to detect all malwares. Although heuristic malware check offers tremendous benefits, today this technology is not adequate. Virus writers are able to come up with viruses that disregard the

Education and its Influence on Different Socio-economic Spheres Essay

Education and its Influence on Different Socio-economic Spheres - Essay Example In many societies, education is defined as a pillar of strength, alleviating the masses from ignorance and paving the way toward a bigger and brighter future. Education systems perform a fundamental role in the development of human attitudes and behavior. It directly affects several spheres of day-to-day living from health, gender and democracy to interpersonal relationships, environmentalism and nationality. Education and Health There is considerable evidence that education is strongly linked to health and to determinants of health such as healthy behaviour, risky contexts and preventative service use (Partnership for Child Development, 2013). However, education does not act in seclusion from other factors, such as income. Income is a notably significant factor that interacts in many essential ways with education, as an influencing factor on health. This makes it hard to assess their independent effects. However, empirical investigations often find the effect of education on health is at least as great as the effect of income. Education impacts on health in two ways; firstly through teaching that enables children to learn specifically about health (often known as skills-based health education) and secondly through the educational process as a whole which provides skills such as critical thinking and making choices that enable children to opt for healthy lifestyles (Partnership for Child Development, 2013). ... Certain differences between the two genders are biological; they arise from physical and other differences that are linked to the different genders. In most societies, men and women have different roles and statuses. It’s easy to draw connections between the behaviour of men and women, and the physical differences that we can observe. The conclusion can then be drawn that differences in behaviour can be attributed to physical differences between the two genders and that the differences in their social roles and positions grow out of their different patterns of behaviour, their abilities and limitations (Teachers Talking about Learning, 2002). However, upon review of biology, psychology, anthropology and education, we find that it’s very difficult to prove which behaviours in men and women arise from physical differences. Many differences, we find, could be produced by the different ways that men and women are brought up as children and arguably the education they receiv e. In relation to thinking and learning processes, and consequently the ability to learn, males and females are more alike than different. Education and Sex Evaluations of comprehensive sex education programs show that these programs can help youth delay onset of sexual activity, reduce the frequency of sexual activity, reduce number of sexual partners, and increase condom and contraceptive use. Importantly, the evidence shows youth who receive comprehensive sex education are not more likely to become sexually active, increase sexual activity, or experience negative sexual health outcomes. Effective programs exist for youth from a variety of racial, cultural, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Researchers studied the National Survey of

Criminal Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Criminal Law - Essay Example istorically, in some areas, property was owned by the monarch and it devolved through feudal land tenure or other feudal systems of loyalty and fealty. Though the Napoleonic code was among the first government acts of modern times to introduce the notion of absolute ownership into statute, protection of personal property rights was present in more feudalist forms in the common law courts of medieval and early modern England. Property – Definition Blacks Law Dictionary states that "in the strict legal sense, [property is] an aggregate of rights which are guaranteed and protected by the government" and that the term "includes not only ownership and possession but also the right of use and enjoyment for lawful purposes." On the contrary, Barrons Law Dictionary classifies property as "ones exclusive right to possess, use, and dispose of a thing" [ . . . ] "as well as the object, benefit, or prerogative which constitutes the subject matter of that right." Divisions Property law can be divided into personal and real property. Real property concerns itself with rights in rem, or relating to land. Personal property concerns itself with rights in personam, or relating to chattels. Using contemporary descriptions, property has been depicted as oscillating between competing models of property as a fact, property as a right, and property as a responsibility. Declared ownership in and of itself is insufficient to constitute property in a legal sense. Rather, the idea of property arises where one can have his/her right to land or chattels respected and enforced by a court of law. Therefore, to possess good title (and thus enforceable rights) on property one must acquire it legitimately, according to the laws of the jurisdiction in which one seeks enforcement. Real property does not just talk of the ownership of property and buildings — it also involves several legal relationships between owners of immovable property (real estate) that are basically conceptual

English-language films Essay Example for Free

English-language films Essay Comprehensive and Intrepretive questions 1.Transcendentalist means The quality or state of being transcendental. It means to when someone finds themself through nature and being in solitude. 2.One of the most used quotations in the night thoreau spent in jail is Retirement? What an absurd idea! Why spend the best part of your life earning money so that you can enjoy a questionable liberty during the least valuable part of it? Why work like a dog so you can pant for a moment or two before you die?. I chose this as my number one because of its great meaning. Why work during the prime of your life just so you can spend it doing nothing? This quotes meaning is very powerful to me. My second choice is Henry, if love is all around you, like huckleberries, why do you pick loneliness?. I choose this quote as my second because of its truism. This quote is correct, love is all around us. The emotional atmosphere this quote created for me was both a sense of awakening and dissapointment. My third choice out of the eight is You want to be a matchmaker, Lydian? Find me something innocent and natural and uncomplicated. A shrub-oak. A cloud. A leaf lost in the snow. I choose this as my fourth quote because it has a meaning relating to transcendentalism. When you transcend you are one with nature, and nature is simple and calm, unlike the heavily populated cities. My fifth pick is I dont know you, Mr. Congressman. I doubt if the people of Illinois will re-elect you, because you refused to go along. But I shall remember who you are, Congressman. This quotes shows the problems.

Review Of The Catwoman Movie Film Studies Essay

Review Of The Catwoman Movie Film Studies Essay Warner Brothers Entertainment Inc. is the biggest American film and television production company. They produce huge amounts of movies in all genres with big budgets. The company had reached big successes since its founding year in 1903. In the past more than a hundred year its productions received many awards from different foundations. However the award received contains not only positive recognitions but also negative ones. How is it possible that a huge company like this makes mistakes that can lead to a bad reputation? What can be the mistakes they make? How do these mistakes affect the future of the staff of the company, the directors, the actors and the company itself? I would like to find the answers for these questions through a movie failure that was the biggest flop in the decade. I will examine as many aspects as possible that can lead a movie that is so eagerly awaited to a huge failure. To examine the aspects I will introduce you to the unsuccessful story of the 2004 movie Catwoman. 2. Who is the Catwoman? Catwoman, namely Selina Kyle has been described as the ultimate fantasy character who is a defender of the underdog who is not above the law when it comes to her own desires. She is not an ordinary woman due to her powerful strength. She is sleek, mysterious and thanks to the leather-clad, whip-wielding costume, ultra sexy. (Bowes, 2004) 2.1 History of catwoman There are many versions of the origin of Catwoman and back-story seen in comic books over the decades but it can primary be attached to the to the Batman Universe series as the most popular female character of the story. Batmans creator, Bob Kane was a great movie fan and his love for film provided the impetus for several Batman characters, among them, Catwoman. He wanted to attach a female character into the comic books to give them a sex appeal and someone who could appeal to female readers as a female Batman. I felt that women were feline creatures and men were more like dogs. While dogs are faithful and friendly, cats are cool, detached, and unreliable. I felt much warmer with dogs around me-cats are as hard to understand as women are. Men feel surer of themselves with a male friend than a woman. You always need to keep women at arms length. We dont want anyone taking over our souls, and women have a habit of doing that. So theres a love-resentment thing with women. I guess women will feel that Im being chauvinistic to speak this way, but I do feel that Ive had better relationships with male friends than women. With women, once the romance is over, somehow they never remain my friends. Kane 1989, pp. 107-108 That catwoman character appeared in huge numbers of cartoons over the decades. After it became very popular in this kind of media, others started to use it as their superhero. In 1966 catwoman appeared in the Batman television series then more than twenty years later in the success movie Batman Returns. In Batman Returns Selina Kyle is played by Michelle Pfeiffer. Here she is depicted as the lonely, frustrated, yet dutiful and efficient secretary of corrupt tycoon Max Shreck. After she accidentally discovers his plot to build a power plant that would steal Gothams electricity, Shreck pushes her out the window of his top story office. Selina is resurrected by a group of cats after her death and she is given powerful strength and characteristics of cats. She goes home and makes her cat costume herself and goes after her murderer. She also starts a romance with Batman and joins him in the chase of the evil head of the company. (IMDb) Batman Returns was first showed in 1992 and it received 6.9/10 stars with 80,751 votes on IMDb international movie database. This means that the movie was mainly liked by the public and critics. On its opening day on June 19 the movie earned $45.69 million which was the highest opening weekend of any movie released up to that point. The movie went to total of $266.83 million all together. It was the third highest grossing film in America of 1992 and the sixth worldwide. It received 14 nominations and 2 winner awards from 7 different institutions including the award by Golden Raspberry for Danny DeVito as worst supporting actor nominee. In 2004 another movie was released. This was the first catwoman release which stars the catwoman character as the main character which the movie is about. 3. Catwoman 2004: The Movie Catwoman is the story of shy, sensitive artist Patience Philips (Halle Berry), a woman who cant seem to stop apologizing for her own existence. She works as a graphic designer for Hedare Beauty, a mammoth cosmetics company on the verge of releasing a revolutionary anti-aging product. When Patience inadvertently happens upon a dark secret her employer is hiding, she finds herself in the middle of a corporate conspiracy. What happens next changes Patience forever. In a mystical twist of fate, she is transformed into a woman with the strength, speed, agility and ultra-keen senses of a cat. With her newfound prowess and feline intuition, Patience becomes Catwoman, a sleek and stealthy creature balancing on the thin line between good and bad. Like any wildcat, shes dangerous, elusive and untamed. (IMDb) She opens a box from her closet with an ultra tight skin showing leather costume. Her adventures are complicated by a burgeoning relationship with Tom Lone, a cop who has fallen for Patien ce but cannot shake his fascination with the mysterious Catwoman. The things around catwoman do not go easy as she is attached to many crimes happening in the city. However the only crime she is guilty of is breaking into a jewelry store and stealing jewels. Later she returns these and says sorry. Unfortunately, the city believes that this new creature is evil and causes most of the crimes happening in their city lately. Tom Lone tries to stop her but he does not know that Patience who he is already starting a relationship with is the same lady who he is trying to put behind bars. Reading the plots of Batman Returns and Catwoman a lot of similarities can be noticed. Actually the both stories of becoming catwomen are perfectly same as both ladies die by an evil company president and are resurrected as catwomen after their deaths. Selina is more focused on saving the innocent but Patience is not still clear about her purpose and she some bad things before realizing her real purpose. Still the biggest difference is the stories are the importance of the characters. Patience is the only main character who is the whole story about while Batman and Selina are sharing this spot. The movie was release on 23 July, 2004 in the United States but not even the Oscar-winner Halle Berry warmed the critics to the film. It was released some weeks after Spider-Man 2, Catwoman paled in comparison with that comic book adventure, which broke box office records. It is difficult to watch Catwoman prowling over city roofs without thinking Spiderman did the same trick with so much energy some weeks before. (Bowes, 2004) This was just one of the critics the movie received out of many after the release. There were many complaints regarding almost all aspects that can be examined in a movie. 3.1 Comparing Catwoman with the original character of the Batman movies When Box Office came up with the idea of creating a whole new movie about the so successful catwoman character of the Batman movies the biggest question was that can the new movie be accepted by the fans of Batman. How the changes in the story and the actors will affect the outcome of the movie? Who would be the best director, actors and actresses to choose to make a huge success? And there were so many questions could be raised and even Warner Bros. tried to make good choices for these questions it happened that they could not. They probably did not consider many aspects carefully enough and fell in a very embarrassing situation when the movie came out. 3.2 Pitof Jean-Christophe Pitof Comar is a French film and visual effect director primary known about the movies Vidocq and Catwoman. Pitof had never created a big budget American movie film before Catwoman. The only one movie he directed before was the French speaking Vidocq which received 6.5/10 rating on IMDb. Viewing his first movie as a success Warner Bros were brave enough to hire him for the direction for Catwoman. Probably that was the first and biggest mistake they made. (IMDb) Warner Bros probably chose him because of his good reputation of visual effects and they knew that the new movie will need to contain a whole bunch of these. Still it is very hard to image how could they chose and trust someone with $100 million who made only one movie before and that one was not even American. According critical reviews about the movie Pitof had made almost all the mistakes that can be made while creating a movie. This includes badly chosen actors and actresses, screen writings, time management, dialogues, framing, costumes. (Rotten Tomatoes, 2004-2005) 3.3 Actors One of the questions that was raised when Halle Berry was chosen as Catwoman was that can she match for the legendary performances of Eartha Kitt in 1960s Batman series or of Michelle Pfeiffer in Batman returns? According to reviews the answer was not even. There are many complaints with the choice of Halle Berry. According to critics her acting was over exaggerated while trying to be a cat. The character of Patience is no longer a human. Her inclination to hiss at dogs and devour canned fish, as well as her urge to bury her face in catnip, eventually convince her that something is going on. Unfortunately, the feline personality traits emerge in a rather clumsy fashion. You almost expect the character to seek out a litter tray or a scratch pole, just to prove the point of being a cat. (Bowes, 2004) Other complaints were about the color of the chosen actress. A critic commented on movie review site Rotten Tomatoes that It is like James Bond being black. It might sound very racist but if we think deeply into this statement it might be very abusing for fans that their favorite character is played by a so different actress than before. They expected Seline who is now Patinece to be similar as she was before but they received something else. Frances Conroy plays a reclusive cat lady, Ophelia who becomes the mentor of Patience. Her role is to explain what is pretty obvious already that the young woman had turned into a cat. Unfortunately Ophelia looks like she walked out of an episode of a funeral parlour drama and seems to be yearning for a decent line or two. (Bowes, 2004) Another big star comes up in the movie: Sharon Stone who plays the evil character but who in the first time in her career is not icy enough. According to rumors there were some problems with the actress during the shootings as she was so displeased of her role and the whole project that she did not take the shooting as serious and she actually answered her cell phone during the filming. This was not the only one thing that did not go easy during the filming but also Berry suffered an injury that landed her in the hospital when she crashed into a piece of equipment. These problems probably would have not happened if the planning and directing would have been more careful. Here is another point that can be written to the bill of Pitof. 3.4 Screening and dialogues Screenings and dialogues were so bad that some scenes needed to be reshot only thirty days before its scheduled release. Critics review that even the trailer of the movie was so bad but it could not be better anyways as there were not really as many good shots in the whole movie that could be chosen for the trailer. The final trailer was redone several times. How this could happen? We can say too many hands in the cookie jar because as many as 28 scribers worked on the scripts which led to very bad dialogues. Only the number of writers of the movie exceeded the usual number of writers of a movie: Bob Kane, Theresa Rebeck, Michael Ferris, John D. Brancato, John Rogers. The dialogues and the scenes did not match enough with storyline and even if Berry seemed like making a decent job to play her act she had a very difficult job when she were forced to utter laughable lines like Its over time. (Riemer, 2004) In the beginning sequence of the movie contains a montage of old newspaper cutting and ancient manuscripts about the history of the cat. It seems like the director suggests a depth to the film through this sequence but later it is never comes back in the storyline. Basically they put something into the film that they never talk about later. This is totally unnecessary and it seems like it is just there to make the movie longer or create some cool beginning screen. (Bowes, 2004) The story of the movie is even too predictable after the unlucky and ordinary lady turns into a superhero who needs to take a revenge on her murders and needs to save the poor people of the city from crime. We can say that all superhero movies are about the same topic but at the same time somehow they are created more interesting. We can also raise a question that can a lady be a successful superhero? According to statistics the answer could be that it is probably impossible since heroes were always been males. Most movies with female superheroes failed like Supergirl, Catwoman, Elektra, Street Fighter: Legend of Chun li, Blood. Why is it like that? The answer could be that the directors of these movies try to make the characters as sexy as possible instead of working more on the story and making it more interesting and exciting. 3.5 Costumes Reviews about the costume designs appearing in the film share the opinions. Movie critics dislike them opposed to male fans of the movie who think that the only one reason to watch the movie was only because of the sexy costumes. According to the first catwoman costume that appeared in the original comic book series our superhero first wore only a cat mask which was later change to a sweater with a hood that had cat ears on the top. Later in the batman movies the costume was changed to the tight black latex suit that showed not much skin. In Pitofs movie there is a huge impact put on the costume. It suggests that the whole movie is around showing Halle Berrys skin and making her into a domina-like sex symbol. The members of Gothamists website think that Pitof is trying too hard to make the new character better than in Batman Returns by putting a bikini on Berry. At least the costume shops will have something to profit on for Halloween. The cat suit was always one of the most liked wear for costume events and after a new cat movie it just even going to be better. 3.6 Turnout After the movie was released the reviews were expressly negative and also Warner Bros made very bad incomes. The $100 million budget movie only made a domestic gross of $40 million and another $42 from foreign countries. This means that the movie itself did not even make as much money as it cost. Unfortunately, there are no data available about the DVD sales income. Warner Bros might have made at least as much on it as the film cost. On Rotten Tomatoes it received 10% score and 3.2/10 on IMDb. On Rotten Tomatoes critics are very harsh and heavy. Even on the opening page it appears that Halle Berry is the lone bright spot, but even she cant save this laughable action thriller. 3.7 Awards The film was nominated 7 times on the Golden Raspberry or Razzies award. Razzies awarded for the worst movies of the year. Catwoman was nominated for worst Picture, Actress, Supporting Actor, Supporting Actress, Couple, Director, Screenplay and with this it get in to the competition of Razzies Special Worst of Our 25 Years Awards and it won first place. This means that in the past 25 years there was no other movie made that received so many bad reviews and award as Pitofs Catwoman. (Razzies) 3.8 Later How did this affect the careers of the staff? Obviously the one who came out of this the worst was Pitof who had never get another opportunity to make a movie so far. Halle Berry wasnt so unlucky as she got 12 acts in movies since 2004 (X-man 2006, Perfect Stranger 2007, Things We Lost in the Fire 2007, etc) Out of these 12 production 5 are under production still and are awaited to come out. Berry did not see Catwoman as something that can affect her career hard even if she has now a Golden Razzie award for worst actress next to her Oscar. Sharon Stone also had 18 acts since Catwoman and Frances Conroy had 21. It seems like that the only one person who came out bad from this production was the director and maybe Warner Bros who did not make any money on the production. 4. Own opinion According to the assignment to examine a huge management failure of our times I decided to choose a movie as my interest is enormous in this media. There were a lot to choose from. I was hesitating between Transformers 2: Revenge of the fallen, Land of the lost, The adventure of Pluto Nash and Catwoman. I watched all 4 movies and I did not like three of them at all. I finally chose the one I actually liked and this was Catwoman. I also made some primary research making interviews with friends about the movie. Without exaggerating the outcome of the research I have to say that there was no one who did not like the movie and actually have seen it. I realized that I made a huge task for myself because I needed to watch something over and over with a very critical eye. First I did not read any of the critical reviews so I do not fall in that mistake that they change my own opinion. For fist two watches in English and Hungarian the only one aspect I did not like was the special effects. I saw them too computer like but I needed to realize that the movie was made more than 6 years ago when this technology was not as good as today. After watching it again and again I started to get nervous as there is nothing I can be critical about. So I read the reviews. They were very critical and negative. Most of them made a big affect on me and after re-watching I could notice some of them. I was sure about the bad choice of Pitof as he had no background in American movie making. I actually liked all of the actors in the movie but noticed sometimes weird and over exaggerated facial expressions and movement especially by Sharon Stone and Berry. These were very irritating and ridiculous. I was not much abused by Patiences cat costume. It was obvious that some very sexy leather piece of tiny cloth would be chosen for a 21th century superhero movie. I do not think that critics should talk too much negative things about this or they do because they probably have not seen Batman. Its true that Batman isnt showing much of his skin but his muscular six-pack costume was also very sexy. In my opinion this aspect of criticizing in catwoman is just an addition to the list. Due to my research most of the men I asked liked the movie because the sexy Berry and her tiny costume. I was very worried about viewing the dialogues critically. Watching it in English with subtitles I could not really find any of these ridiculous lines but this can be due to my own English language skill. Probably someone whose mother language is English would have felt that something just sounds wrong. In the Hungarian version there were no mistakes but obviously the translators will not put anything wrong in their own language if they feel that it does not sound right in the original language. Overall, after viewing the movie 5 times in two languages with two kinds of subtitles and without subtitles, reading walls of texts by critics and fans and making primary researches I can say that the movie should have come out so bad as it does. The huge money loss and the small income can be due to the very negative critics that were written fight after the release date. I know this from first hand. If I cannot decide what to watch in the cinema I go to Rotten Tomatoes and check the reviews. If they are very negative then I will never go and pay money for it. The only way to might watch it is to download it later. Doing this examination of failure the biggest thing I have learned was that how much the internet and someone who is call a movie critic can affect the outcome of a new movie release.